Use the DBH DLA - 20 Anchors below to complete the DLA - 20 Scoring
Adult Services Daily Living Activities (©DLA-20) Anchors |
1- Extremely severe functional impairment; needs extensive supports. |
2- Severe functional impairment; needs extensive level of continuous paid supports. |
3- Serious impairment with serious symptoms; serious supports |
4- Moderate functional impairment; frequent support for DLA |
5- WNL/Strength Mild functional impairment; needs moderate level of intermittent supports. |
6- WNL-Strength Intermittent functional impairment; needs low level supports. |
7- WNL-Strength Optimal independence with No supports |
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Health Practices: Rate independent self-care for physical and mental health, including managing moods, medications, illness management |
Evidence of danger to self/others; No self-care; evidence of breaks in reality; requires pervasive interventions (e.g., multiple or lengthy stays in crisis, jail). |
Marked limitations in self-care and may have physical complications; extensive help for very severe mental impairments; concern for danger to self/others. |
Limited self-care and compliance; serious impairments in moods, symptoms, mental status; maybe physical issues promoting continuous help for health care. |
Marginal self-care and compliance with health issues or prescriptions; managing moods is moderate problem; requires scheduled low level mental health assistance. |
Moderately self-sufficient; manages moods but relies on some routine assistance or home visits by helping persons; in private or self-help residences. |
Independent self-care, compliant with treatment, meds; minimal support- some assistance from family, friends, other helping persons. |
Optimally independent in taking care of physical and mental status; makes good health care decisions; no assistance needed in self care. |
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Housing Maintenance: Rate self-sufficiency for living independent, maintaining/getting along in residence, management of household. |
Health endangering threat; needs or relies on pervasive supervision in protective environment; dependent - does not manage household, not self-sufficient. |
Marked limitations in keeping or maintaining stable housing e.g., sometimes on street, needs or uses constant assistance, likely in 24/7 supported or protective residences. |
Dysfunctional in community housing; unstable; Limited self-sufficiency e.g., relies on respite, assistance, private or self-help home, may occasionally help in household maintenance. |
Stable community housing but housing may be inadequate or s/he may be only marginally self-sufficient e.g., relies on regular assistance to maintain stable household. |
Moderately self-sufficient in independent, private residence with routine, low level assistance e.g., home visits by helping persons; mostly maintains household by self. |
Adequate independence: self-sufficient with minimal assistance in community based, independent housing e.g. intermittent support from family, friends, others. |
Optimal independence: Self-sufficient in community based, independent living with no significant assistance or public support in housing. |
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Communication: Rate ongoing and effective verbal/ nonverbal communication. |
Not effective: high risk threats or non-communicative; pervasive dependence. |
Communication is dysfunctional, blunted, or antagonistic with others; dependent on assistance. |
Limited verbal or nonverbal effectiveness in communicating with others & may rely on assistance. |
Not clear about problems; marginal effectiveness in communicating with others; uses regular assistance. |
Moderately effective in communicating with others; using routine assistance. |
Adequately effective in communicating with others; minimal need for assistance. |
Optimal effectiveness in communicating with others; no significant assistance needed.. |
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Safety: Rate maintenance of personal safety, e.g. not suicidal, homicidal, etc.) |
Unsafe; Imminent danger to self or others; needs or requires pervasive level of continuous supervision. |
Marked limitations in safety around home, community; needs/has extensive level of continuous supervision. |
Makes unsafe decisions; "at risk" e.g., abusive or abused, cognitive limitations, needs supervision. |
Marginally safe, aware and self-protective, benefits from regular assistance or monitoring. |
Moderately safe; good decisions; benefits from routine care-givers e.g., home visits by helping persons. |
Safe decisions; Adequate self-protection with minimal assistance from family, neighbors, friends, and others. |
Optimally safe; alert; takes care of self with no significant assistance from others. |
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Managing Time: Rate management of time, self-direction (e.g., a 7 = optimal sleep 7-9 hours average/night) |
High risk; aberrant routines or MIA (missing); No management of time; pervasive direction of others. |
Marked limitations in routine time management; needs or receives extensive direction by others. |
Limited e.g., poor routine management of meds, sleep, mealtimes; might need/use constant direction. |
Marginally effective; disruptions in routines; uses regular direction (e.g., prompts). |
Moderately effective time management; benefits from routine direction of others. |
Adequate time management; minimal prompts or reliance on direction of others. |
Optimal routines for health and wellness; self-directive in managing sleep, meds, mealtimes. |
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Managing Money: Rate independent management of personal finances. |
No income and no involvement in managing personal or public assisted finances; total dependence on public or institutional help. |
Marked limitations in management of personal finances; often involves rep payees or total supervision; very limited money; minimal participation in spending or managing money. |
Requires help to seek/manage public financial assistance (may have rep payee for rent); dependent or minimal participation in managing personal finances. |
Marginally independent in managing personal income, benefits or public assisted finances; often uses help; moderately participates in paying day-to-day rent and expenses. |
Moderately independent in managing personal finance (minimum public assistance); minimal, intermittent assistance from others; significant participation in managing money. |
Adequately independent in managing independent, personal finances with minimal checks and balances or assistance of others. |
Optimal independence in managing independent and personal finances. |
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Nutrition: Rate current report of consuming basic diet supporting prescription medications; WNL = independently shops, plans, cooks for nutritional needs. Rate independent management of nutritional needs. (*At least 2 meals/day.) |
High risk dietary concerns; Does not manage nutritional needs; no participation in meal planning, shopping and preparation. |
Very severe dietary limitations; substantial dependence on continuous assistance, often involves constant supervision; no nutritional meal plans, preparation. |
Serious limitations; needs or depends on continuous assistance from others; may eat what is available, limited participation in meal plans, shopping and preparation. |
Marginal independence managing nutritional needs 2x/day; often uses assistance; some participation in meal planning, shopping and preparation. |
Moderately independent in meeting nutritional needs 2x/day; benefits from intermittent assistance, but participates in meal planning, shopping and preparation. |
Adequately independent in managing nutritional needs with minimal assistance from others in meal planning, shopping and preparation. |
Optimal independence in managing nutritional needs with no significant assistance from others needed for meal planning, shopping, and preparation. |
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Problem Solving: Rate independent management of problems of daily living. |
No problem solving; pervasive dependence on others to handle daily living problems; threat of health endangering threat; no participation in problem solving. |
Very severe limitations in problem solving, often involving constant supervision; minimal participation in problem solving. |
Serious limitations in meeting day-to-day needs, problem solving; often needs or relies on assistance; limited participation in treatment-related problem solving. |
Marginally self-sufficient in day to day problem solving; often needs or uses regular assistance, participates in treatment-related problem solving. |
Moderately self-sufficient in problem solving with routine assistance from others; compliant in treatment-related decision making. |
Adequately self-sufficient in day-to-day problem solving with minimal assistance from others. |
Optimal and independent problem solving with no significant assistance from others. |
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Family Relationships: Rate family interactions (separate from friends) and quality of family relationship. |
Dysfunctional relationships or deviant behaviors often leading to physical aggression or severe abuse, withdrawn, often rejected by others. |
Very dysfunctional relationships within family (e.g., total withdrawal, unwanted dependency, destructive verbal or physical communication). |
Dysfunctional family relationships ; often no positive communication or participation with family or significant others. |
Marginally functional family relationships (e.g., relationships are often stressed or infrequent, superficial, unreliable). |
Moderately effective continuing and close relationship with at least one family member or significant other. |
Adequate personal relationship with one or more family members or with significant other. |
Positive relationship with family/significant others; assertively contributes to these relationships. |
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Alcohol/Drug Use: Rate self-control with addictive drugs including cigarettes; or maintenance of alcohol/drug abstinence |
Current abuse or dependence leading to imminent health and safety threats - pervasive substance abuse, no self-control; accepts or denies extremely severe status with substance abuse. |
Current abuse or dependence; may deny substance abuse problem, does not participate in treatment; extremely limited self-control for abstinence or safe use. |
Current abuse or dependence, acknowledges serious substance abuse problem but shows limited self-control, struggles with treatment plan. |
Current moderate problem with use, dependence, compliant with treatment, moderate success over alcohol, cigarettes and drugs. |
No current use but recent history of abuse/dependence; adequately aware of risks and seeking help, information, support, treatment to continuously sustain success. |
Safe Use, not smoking or Abstinent with self help groups. May have had a history of substance abuse related issue. |
No history of substance abuse-related problems and optimal self control with substances |
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Leisure: Rate independent participation in leisure activities. |
Dependent - No independent participation in leisure activities. |
Dependent - min. participation in leisure of any kind without help. |
Limited interests or independent participation in leisure activities. |
Marginally independent leisure activity participation. |
Moderately independent leisure activity participation. |
Adequately independent in at least one leisure activity. |
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Community Resources: Rate current independent use of health & social services, shopping, and transportation. |
No independent use of community resources; chronic reliance on helpers to gain access OR adamantly refuses necessary help. |
Inappropriate dependence OR unable to be independent with community resources, very reliant on helpers. |
Does not seek appropriate supports services without help; limited independence with community resources, reliant on help to gain access. |
Marginally independent, occasional reliance to gain access to recreational, educational and vocational resources. |
Moderately independent in use of community resources, intermittent reliance gaining access. |
Adequate independent use of community resources, minimal need for help in gaining access. |
Optimal independent use of community resources, no significant need for help in gaining access. |
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Social Network: Rate quality of interactions with immediate social network (e.g. close friends not family) |
Extremely dysfunctional in relationships (e.g., often imminent physical aggression, involves police or severely withdrawn) |
Marked limitations in social network relationships (e.g., excessive dependency or destructive behaviors) |
Limited interpersonally, often no significant friendships, socially isolated or avoids and withdraws. |
Marginal functioning with others (e.g., friendships are often minimal, unreliable, strained). |
Moderately effective continuing and close relationship with at least one friend. |
Adequate interpersonal relationships with one or more friends. |
Positive relationship with one or more friends; optimally independent with assertively contributions. |
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Sexuality: Rate mental & physical sexual health, sexually safe & appropriate behaviors |
Severely dysfunctional, pervasive high risk; danger to self or others prompts continuous protective supervision. |
Marked limitations in sexual health & self-care, likely prompts extensive level of protective interventions due to high risk to self or others. |
Behaviors indicate limited sexual health self-care; risk concerns may prompt extra care, interventions, even supervision if risks appear imminent. |
Marginally sufficient in self-care of sexual health; minimal understanding of personal or others sexual behavior, issues, inhibitions |
Moderately sufficient in sexual health and self-care with routinely helpful education, guidance of others as age appropriate. |
Adequate self-care around sexual self &health, self respect, asking only expected and minimal guidance from others. |
Optimal sexual self-care., self respect and respect for partner, no guidance from others needed. |
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Productivity: Rate functioning primarily in the most appropriate expected role (e.g., wage earner, homemaker, employee, student). |
Productivity severely limited; often unable to work or adapt to homemaking or school; virtually no attempt to be productive. |
Occasional attempts at productivity unsuccessful; no routine or structure at home or in day activities. |
Limited productivity; often with currently restricted capabilities for school, independent employment and home making. |
Marginal productivity with mental distress (e.g. reduced ability to work in sheltered or independent setting. |
Moderately functional working in independent job, at home or in school; fluctuates with the limited skills experience. |
Adequate functioning; working in independent jobs, home or school; often not applying all available abilities. |
Optimally performs employment-related functions, homemaking, or school tasks with ease and efficiency. |
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Coping skills: Rate knowledge and effective use of coping mechanisms. |
Pervasive stresses, no mindful use of coping skills approach health endangering threat, needs/requires pervasive supervision. |
Negative use of coping skills often leading to relapse, crises, involving constant interventions, in or out of protective environment. |
Ineffective use of few coping skills prompting regular interventions (e.g., extra contacts, frequent use of over-the-counter medications). |
Marginally effective knowledge and use of coping mechanisms; seeks assistance to create or initiate coping mechanisms. |
Moderately effective range of coping mechanisms, WNL routine reminders, assistance to initiate coping mechanisms. |
Effective use of coping mechanisms with only expected, minimal assistance, knows self, acts to reduce stressors and use options to restore confidence. |
Optimally effective use of coping mechanisms under various stresses with no significant assistance from others. |
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Behavioral Norms: Rate extended community, social relationships, interaction within the community, e.g., court involvement rated <=4 |
Totally isolated from or evidences severely deviant behaviors (i.e., behavior is overtly disruptive or threatening, may involve criminal justice sanctions). |
Often isolated or demonstrates deviant behaviors, e.g., rejected or belligerent to helpers, neighbors; may have serious restrictions by courts/parole. |
Limited successful and appropriate interactions; minimal survival level interactions or seriously impaired behaviors, e.g., arrested, restricted by courts/parole |
Marginally effective interactions; may be compliant with courts/parole; may receive multiple public system supports in accord with multiple needs. |
Moderately effective and independent in community interactions; may receive some public support in accord with needs |
Adequate positive interactions in resident neighborhood; in one community organization or recreational activity |
Independently and Positively interacts in community, church or clubs, recreational activities, hobbies, or personal interests, often with other participants. |
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Personal Hygiene: Rate independent management of personal hygiene, dental and oral care. |
No self care - no personal hygiene; evidence indicates health endangering threat, pervasive needs. |
High risk or severe problems with teeth or in self-care, personal hygiene; health endangered. |
Limited self-care of teeth, poor personal, oral hygiene; needs or dependent on assistance. |
Marginally self-sufficient in maintaining adequate hygiene, dental - oral health; moderate support |
Moderately self-sufficient in maintaining adequate hygiene with routine assistance. |
Adequate self-care in maintaining good hygiene; minimal prompts or infrequent assistance. |
Optimal hygiene functioning, self-sufficient around cleanliness; no issues. |
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Grooming: Rate independent care, groomed hair, hands, general appearance. |
No personal grooming indicative of high risk, pervasive needs. |
Marked limitations evident with poorly cleaned hair, hands, self-grooming, serious needs. |
Limited self-care in grooming, general observations indicate serious impairments. |
Marginally self-sufficient in maintaining adequate grooming - regular assistance. |
Moderately self-sufficient in grooming with prompts or support - routine assistance. |
Adequate self-sufficiency in grooming, minimal assistance needed. |
Optimal self-sufficiency in grooming with no issues and no routine assistance.Unclean, undressed -high risk needs due to no self-care |
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Dress: Rate clean, weather appropriate w/o personal bias |
Unclean, undressed -high risk needs due to no self-care |
Severe impairment, wearing unclean & inappropriate dress for weather, tasks. |
Insufficient clean dress or dress is in poor repair, ill fitting in all weather |
Marginally self-sufficient in maintaining clean, appropriate dress |
With periodic support or help, wears clean, appropriate dress |
Adequate self-sufficiency in maintaining clean, appropriate dress |
Optimal self-sufficiency in maintaining clean, appropriate dress; |